Paralaks

Paralaks (baasal matan kata Yunani Bahari παράλλαξις (parallaxis) nang artinya alternisasi) marupakan pamindahan atawa parbidaan dalam malihat andak sabuting ubjik lawan dua buting sudut pandang nang balain wan diukur lawan sudut atawa semi-sudut kamiringan antara dua garis ngitu.^[1]^[2] Maraga perspektif, ubjik nang taparak manampaiakan paralaks nang taganal pada ubjik nang tajauh amun diitihi matan andak nang balaian, jadi paralaks kawa dipakai gasan manantuakan jarak.

Animasi ngini marupakan contoh matan paralaks. Kawa diitihi sudut pandangnya bagarak matan sabuting sisi ka sabuting sisi lainnya, ubjik nang tajauh kalihatan bagarak talambat pada ubjik nang taparak lawan kamera. Di kasus ngini, kutak putih nang ada di muka kalihatan bagarak tacapat pada kutak warna hijau nang ada ditangah.

Perspektif visual

Di foto ngini, Matahari talihat diatas lampu jalan. Di pantulannya nang ada di banyu, matahari cungul sajalur lawan lampu jalan maraga gambar virtual tabantuk matan posisi malihat nang balain.

Mata manusia wan binatang nang lainnya baandak di tampat nang balain-lain di kapalanya, parbidaan andak ngini mahasilakan sudut pandang nang balain jua. Hal ngini marupakan basis matan stereopsis, sabuah proses di mana otak maeksploitasi paralaks maraga pandangan nang balain matan mata gasan mandapatakan persepsi nang jalas wan mamparkiraakan jarak ka ubjik.^[3] Binatang mamakai jua paralaks garak, dimana binatang (atawa kapalanya haja) bagarak gasan manadapatakan sudut pandang nang balain. Cuntuhnya, merpati (nang matanya kada baisi bidang pandang nang batumpang tindih jadinya inya kada kawa mamakai stereopsis) manggelengakan kapalanya kaatas wan kabawah sakira kawa malihat labih jalas.^[4]

Paralaks garak kawa jua didapatakan mamakai stereoskopi baguyang, grafik komputer mambari gambar nang jalas malalui aniamsi sudut pandang nang bapindah daripada mamakai panglihatan binokular.

Sudut pandang sanjata

Paralaks bapangaruh lawan alat panglihatan matan sanjata jarak jauh dalam banyak hal. Kekeran nang dipasang di sanjata halus wan busur, wan sanjata lainnya., jarak tegak lurus antara panglihatan wan sumbu paluncuran sanjata (misalnya kaliber paluncuran matan sanjata) biasanya dipinandui lawan ngaran "katinggian panglihatan" kawa maalami kasalahan mangeker nang liwar banar pas manimbak di jarak nang parak, apalagi pas manimbak target nang halus.^[5] Kasalahan paralaks ngini disaimbangakan (pas diparluakan) mamakai pahitungan nang mamarluakan jua variabel nang lain kaya gugurnya paluru, katahanan angin lawan ubjik, wan jarak target nang diparkiraakan.^[6]

Catatan Batis

^ "Parallax".Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.(1968). “Mutual inclination of two lines meeting in an angle”
^ "Parallax".Oxford English Dictionary(Second).(1989). “Astron. Apparent displacement, or difference in the apparent position, of an object, caused by actual change (or difference) of position of the point of observation; spec. the angular amount of such displacement or difference of position, being the angle contained between the two straight lines drawn to the object from the two different points of view, and constituting a measure of the distance of the object.”
^ Steinman, Scott B.; Garzia, Ralph Philip (2000). Foundations of Binocular Vision: A Clinical perspective. McGraw-Hill Professional. hlm. 2–5. ISBN 978-0-8385-2670-5.
^ Steinman & Garzia 2000, p. 180.
^ "Ballistic Explorer Help". www.dexadine.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-09-28.
^ "Crossbows / Arrows & Bolts / Trajectory / Trajectories". www.crossbowmen.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-08.

Raralatan Luar

Instructions for having background images on a web page use parallax effects
Actual parallax project measuring the distance to the moon within 2.3%
BBC's Sky at Night programme: Patrick Moore demonstrates Parallax using Cricket. (Mamarluakan RealPlayer)
Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics Parallax
Parallax on an educational website, including a quick estimate of distance based on parallax using eyes and a thumb only

[1] "Parallax".Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.(1968). “Mutual inclination of two lines meeting in an angle”

[oed-2] "Parallax".Oxford English Dictionary(Second).(1989). “Astron. Apparent displacement, or difference in the apparent position, of an object, caused by actual change (or difference) of position of the point of observation; spec. the angular amount of such displacement or difference of position, being the angle contained between the two straight lines drawn to the object from the two different points of view, and constituting a measure of the distance of the object.”

[3] Steinman, Scott B.; Garzia, Ralph Philip (2000). Foundations of Binocular Vision: A Clinical perspective. McGraw-Hill Professional. hlm. 2–5. ISBN 978-0-8385-2670-5.

[4] Steinman & Garzia 2000, p. 180.

[5] "Ballistic Explorer Help". www.dexadine.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-09-28.

[6] "Crossbows / Arrows & Bolts / Trajectory / Trajectories". www.crossbowmen.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-08.

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